For many patients, the use of a urinary catheter is essential during medical treatment or recovery, whether due to surgery, chronic conditions, or bladder dysfunction. However, catheter use often comes with discomfort and pain. The urethral catheter is used in various clinical situations such as diagnosing urologic disease, urine drainage in patients after surgery, and for patients who cannot urinate voluntarily.

However, catheters can cause numerous adverse effects, such as catheter-associated infection, obstruction, bladder stones, urethral injury, and catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD). CRBD symptoms vary among patients, ranging from burning sensations and pain in the suprapubic and penile areas to urinary urgency. CRBD significantly reduces patient quality of life and can lead to several complications. CRBD is caused by catheter-induced bladder irritation due to muscarinic receptor-mediated involuntary contractions of bladder smooth muscle, and also can be caused by the mechanical stimulus of the urethral catheter.

To support your comfort and minimize discomfort while using a catheter, here are five practical and evidence-based tips:

  • Use the Smallest Effective Catheter SizeLarger catheters can cause more urethral irritation and pressure, particularly in men. If your healthcare provider approves, opt for the smallest French (Fr) size that allows adequate urine drainage. A thinner catheter may significantly reduce bladder spasms and urethral pain caused by mechanical stimulation.
  • Ensure Proper SecurementUnstable or loosely secured catheters move excessively, causing friction at the insertion site and inside the bladder. Use securement devices or medical-grade adhesive tapes to keep the catheter in place and minimize tension. Always anchor the tubing to your thigh or abdomen according to your provider’s instructions.
  • Stay Well HydratedDrinking sufficient fluids (as allowed by your medical condition) helps dilute the urine, which may reduce bladder irritation and prevent infection. Concentrated urine can be acidic and irritate the bladder lining, increasing discomfort and the risk of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs).
  • Consider Medications If AdvisedIn cases of severe catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD), your healthcare provider may recommend medications such as antimuscarinic agents (e.g., oxybutynin) to reduce bladder spasms. In specific circumstances, other medicines like antiepileptic drugs or even botulinum toxin injections may be considered. Always consult with a medical professional before starting or adjusting any medication.
  • Practice Gentle and Consistent HygieneDaily catheter care is crucial. Clean the catheter insertion site with mild soap and water, pat dry, and inspect for signs of redness or infection. Avoid pulling or tugging during cleaning. Regular hygiene reduces pain from local irritation and lowers the chance of disease, which can significantly increase catheter pain.

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Catheter-related pain is common, but with the right approach, much of this discomfort can be managed or even prevented. By combining careful hygiene, medical advice, and appropriate catheter use, patients can improve their comfort and quality of life while using a catheter. At Icon Medical Supplies, we are committed to supporting your health journey with quality products and helpful guidance.